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Resveratrol and healthy longevity - current studies

WHAT IS RESVERATROL?

Resveratrol is an antioxidant secondary plant substance from the group of polyphenols and has already been discovered in more than 70 plant species, such as: . in red grapes, raspberries, blueberries, apples, soy or peanuts. But it concentrates v.a in the skins of red grapes and serves as a natural defense for the plant against parasites, fungal infestation and adverse weather conditions such as moisture, UV radiation and temperature fluctuations.

Resveratrol is considered the secret of the so-called French paradox, which refers to the good heart health of the French despite high alcohol and fat consumption. However, the amounts of resveratrol in red wine are probably not enough to have a noticeable effect. Because you would have to drink so much wine that the disadvantages of alcohol would outweigh the disadvantages.

The plant with the highest resveratrol content is Japanese knotweed. Resveratrol is found in all parts of the plant, but most of all in the root. Therefore, we use this as a 100% natural source for our resveratrol capsules.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CIS- AND TRANS-RESVERATROL?

Resveratrol exists in two different geometric shapes (so-called Isomers): Cis- and trans-resveratrol, whereby only the trans form shows full bioactivity. Our premium resveratrol contains at least 98% trans-resveratrol of optimal bioactivity.

CAN RESVERATROL ALSO BE CONSUMED SUFFICIENTLY THROUGH FOOD?

Unfortunately, foods only contain small amounts of resveratrol. For example. To consume the contents of a capsule of resveratrol (500 mg), for example, you would have to: Eat 400 kg of red grapes or 1250 kg of apples. For red wine, the values ​​fluctuate greatly, but even if one assumes the maximum value of 10 mg per liter of red wine, it is clear that even with red wine, not nearly the amount of a capsule can be consumed - at least not without the consequential damage of increased alcohol consumption.

Incidentally, grape juice is not an option, even if you drink liters of it, because it contains significantly less resveratrol than red wine. Because the resveratrol is mainly found ina in the skin of the grapes, which is discarded as pomace during juice production after the grapes have been pressed. When making red wine, on the other hand, there is enough time during mash fermentation for the resveratrol from the skins to pass into the wine.

WHEN AND HOW SHOULD RESVERATROL BE TAKEN?

Studies suggest that resveratrol in the morning on an empty stomach and combined with grape seed extract (OPC) has the best bioavailability.

WHAT HEALTH EFFECTS ARE POSSIBLE?

Resveratrol simulates the effect of fasting

As part of cell metabolism, cellular waste is constantly produced, such as: Errors in protein synthesis (misfolded proteins) or damaged mitochondrial parts. This waste is normally broken down through cellular cleansing processes, esp.a through the so-called Autophagy, the cellular “recycling system”. The lysosomes then dock onto these waste products and their enzymes break down this waste into its individual components and thus make it recyclable. Lysosomes are therefore also called the “stomach” of our cells.

Unfortunately, as we get older, this autophagy no longer works so well, so that molecular waste accumulates in the cells and ultimately impairs normal cell functions. Over the years, this cellular waste can then contribute to the relevant diseases of old age, such as: Diabetes, Alzheimer's or Parkinson's.

One way to activate autophagy is caloric restriction (fasting). Because when there is a lack of food, the body activates the enzyme “sirtuin” and thus autophagy to release nutrients from the “protein waste”. And as a side effect of this nutrient production, misfolded proteins and defective organelles are broken down. This also fits well with the observation in numerous studies that caloric restriction in laboratory animals has extended life and counteracts aging processes.

The first systematic study of the positive effects of caloric restriction dates from 1937 by Clive McCay: a 33% caloric restriction in laboratory rats has a) a significant extension of the maximum lifespan and b) an extension of the average lifespan by 50 % effected.

Resveratrol is able to activate the sirtuin enzyme even without caloric restriction. In a double-blind crossover study, overweight but otherwise healthy participants received 150 mg/day of resveratrol or a placebo for one month. In the resveratrol group, metabolic changes were found that also occur with caloric restriction. The SIRT1 was activated, the fat content of the muscle cells increased (where the fat was then burned), while the fat in the liver decreased; The mitochondria in the muscle cells were more active and the blood sugar level fell, as did systolic blood pressure, blood lipid levels and inflammation levels (cf. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22055504/ ).

This basic principle seems to be the cause of numerous positive health effects of resveratrol, which have already been well proven in studies.

  • Resveratrol and “Longevity” (healthy longevity): Resveratrol can activate the enzyme Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), which slows down aging processes in the cells. (see. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23471411/ and https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24439680/ ).
  • Resveratrol in Alzheimer's prevention: In a study on approx. For 1 year, patients with moderate Alzheimer's disease received 0.5 g/day resveratrol; the dose was gradually increased to 2 g (cf. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26362286/ ). It was shown that resveratrol can have an activating effect on the brain, e.g. b Reduces inflammatory processes in the CNS (central nervous system) and improves blood circulation in the brain. In type 2 diabetes patients, 75 mg of resveratrol per week was enough to noticeably improve cognitive performance and blood supply to the brain (cf. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27420093/ ). In another study, administration of 250-500 mg per day in healthy subjects led to improved blood flow to the brain (cf. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20357044/ ). When 250 mg resveratrol plus 20 mg piperine was administered on three days, a significant increase in the hemoglobin value was found (anemia is a relevant dementia risk) (cf. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24804871/ ).
  • Resveratrol in cancer prevention: Here too, it is the autophagy activated by resveratrol that determines certain markers involved in the development of cancer, such as: can lower insulin-like growth factor (IGF) or IGF-binding protein. In the following review from 2021 (cf. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34101276/ ) describes how resveratrol u.a triggers the release of anti-cancer messengers such as IFN-γ and TNF-α and also inhibits the release of TGF-β (can promote cancer growth). It also shows how resveratrol can stimulate T helper cells and macrophages so that they can target cancer cells more effectively. Finally, resveratrol makes cancer cells more sensitive to the immune system’s apoptosis (“cell suicide”) signals.
  • Resveratrol in diabetes mellitus: Resveratrol is often used in diabetes mellitus because it is said to improve vascular functions, increase fat breakdown in the liver and reduce oxidative stress, which in turn leads to an improvement in insulin sensitivity (cf. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20181810/ and https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21385509/). In another study, ten overweight participants were given 1-2 g of resveratrol per day over four weeks - with the result that insulin sensitivity improved and better blood sugar levels after meals (postprandial blood sugar) were also found (cf. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22219517/ ).
  • Resveratrol as protection for the nerves: In a study from 2017 (cf. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28329051/ ), it has been shown that resveratrol can protect the muscles and synapses from the negative effects of the aging process.
  • Resveratrol for healthy bones: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study from 2014 concluded that resveratrol can increase bone density (cf. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25322274/ ). 66 male test subjects, all of whom suffered from obesity, lipid metabolism disorders, blood sugar disorders and high blood pressure, were administered a) 1000 mg, b) 150 mg resveratrol or c) a placebo over four 4 months - with the result that the bone density was in the 1000- mg group had significantly increased in the lumbar region compared to the placebo group.

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